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一 | 出口量连创新高今年以来,我国汽车出口提速。中汽协数据显示,8月份,汽车企业出口30.8万辆,再创历史新高,首次实现单月出口超过30万辆。

On the blue track inside the National Speed Skating Oval, robots chased each other in the 400-meter race. A sprinting Tien Kung robot was tripped by a rival robot lying on the track but did not fall. Instead, it adjusted its posture in seconds and continued toward the finish line with a result of 38.15 seconds, breaking human 400-meter race world record of 43.03 seconds, held by South African athlete Wayde van Niekerk.
This scene unfolded on Sunday, the first official competition day of the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG). Later that evening, a humanoid robot named Lightning, developed by Honor Co., broke the long-standing human 1,500-meter world record of 3:26 set by Moroccan athlete Hicham El Guerrouj with a time of 2:30.22. Just one night earlier, during the opening ceremony's 100-meter sprint and high jump demonstrations, humanoid robots had already shattered records long held by human athletes Usain Bolt and Javier Sotomayor — merely an appetizer for the five-day sci-fi spectacle.
The Games have attracted 666 teams from 16 countries across six continents, up 138 percent from its inaugural edition. The number of participating robots quadrupled to 2,056, the Global Times learned from the organizing committee.
Yet the biggest change this year was not only the scale, but also the technological maturity. More teams have shifted from remote-controlled robots to fully autonomous systems. Chinese observers, after watching several events, said humanoid robots are no longer limited to simple demonstrations of walking or dancing. Increasingly, they are being tested in environments that demand speed, coordination, perception and decision-making.
From movement to intelligence
Behind the record-breaking performances are a series of technological upgrades. During the running events, Global Times reporters observed that robots were able to make subtle movements around their hip joints while walking, allowing them to maintain balance and produce movements closer to human biomechanics.
Guo Yijie, technical director of Tien Kung Ultra, said the improvement came from advances in hardware design.
"Robot joints have improved in torque and speed. As competitions demand higher power output, the reliability of the main control board, power board and high-power battery discharge capability have become increasingly important," Guo told the Global Times.
According to Guo, the same Tien Kung Ultra robot was used in both sprinting and jumping events. For running, the waist needs rotation to balance the inertia generated by leg movements. For jumping, the upper body requires pitching movement to help the robot achieve greater distance or height, Guo said, noting that these can all be achieved with only slight adjustments to the waist configuration were needed, and it highly demonstrated to the robot design's flexibility.
Besides the hardware upgrades, developments in robots' faster decision-making in "brains' is better showcased in football competitions.
The Booster T2 robot used by many domestic and overseas football teams has increased its onboard computing capability by 10 times compared with the previous generation. The time from recognizing the goal to deciding whether to pass or shoot has been reduced to around 100 milliseconds - faster than the time humans usually need to blink.
Cheng Hao, a technical representative from Boosters Robotics, said the improvement represents an "end-to-end" transformation in embodied intelligence.
"In the past, robots relied on separate steps: perception, planning, decision-making and execution. Each stage was disconnected. Now, with an end-to-end motion foundation model, visual input can directly generate joint control commands," Cheng said.
The newly introduced table tennis and tennis competitions are also testing another important capability: perception.
"Robots are moving from simply recognizing the three-dimensional position of a ball to understanding the movement information of opponents and more complex environments," said Li Yinghui, a postdoc researcher and the leader from the Hong Kong University team at the table tennis event. Such capabilities developed in sports scenarios could eventually be transferred to other scenarios in industries or daily life, Li said.
Beyond entertainment
Though clips from the robot competitions have made a buzz on social media, with some critics from Western media questioning why robots need to dance, play football or compete in athletics while arguing that these activities appear far from everyday needs.
Zhou Changjiu, Vice President of the RoboCup Federation and the Robotics Competition Association of the Asia-Pacific (RCAP), stressed robot sports are not designed for entertainment alone. "Robot competitions are testing the capabilities needed for humanoid robots to enter the real world," Zhou told the Global Times.
Different events evaluate different abilities. Sprinting tests speed, marathons examine battery endurance and energy management, while football provides a comprehensive test because of its dynamic and unpredictable nature, testing intelligence, manipulation, interaction, safety, cost and trust at the same time, Zhou said.
Unlike a single-task demonstration, football requires robots to cooperate. Players must understand their own roles, recognize teammates and opponents, and make collective decisions - a form of swarm intelligence that could become essential when robots work together in homes, factories and emergency rescue environments.
Entertainment, however, can generate business opportunities. Gu Jinghai, brand director of EYOU Robot Co, told the Global Times that the company sold 95,000 integrated joints in China in 2025 and expects sales to exceed 1 million units in 2026. Growth mainly comes from planetary joints used in entertainment robots, while harmonic joints for industrial robots are also expanding steadily, he said.
Jiao Jichao, an executive from UBTECH Robotics, said the criticism that "Chinese robots can only sing and dance" reflects only a temporary stage of development. "Performance and dancing are also real commercial demands, and their existence has value," Jiao said. "Beyond entertainment, Chinese robots are already demonstrating intelligent capabilities that support practical applications in manufacturing, and partnerships with companies including Huawei and Foxconn, where robots have already entered production lines in small-scale applications."
The Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of China stated that the country will construct a comprehensive cultivation system for future industries including the embody intelligence as new economic growth drivers.
Zhou said the development of humanoid robots is not only about individual machines, but about building an entire ecosystem.
China's advantage lies in its complete supply chain, abundant application scenarios and manufacturing capabilities, while the fast growing industry still faces challenges such as the lack of unified standards.
Gu said the company has launched mass production of robotics joint under domestic standard of auto parts.
Robot competitions can help address these issues by creating common standards in areas such as competition rules, robot dimensions, communication systems, batteries and joint modules. "As applications expand, the cost of key robot components will continue to decline," Zhou said.
"Numbers are magic," Zhou said. "If producing one robot costs a huge amount because it is handmade, producing one million robots will completely change the cost structure."
For humanoid robots, the race taking place inside the Ice Ribbon may not ultimately be about who crosses the finish line first. It may be about whether these machines can learn to navigate the far more complicated race outside the stadium - the race into the real world.
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二 | 今年前8月,汽车企业出口181.7万辆,同比增长52.8%。分车型看,前8月,乘用车出口144.6万辆,同比增长56.4%;商用车出口37.1万辆,同比增长40.2%。

三 | 中汽协副总工程师许海东告诉记者,乘用车主要包括轿车、SUV和MPV等车型,目前我国SUV在国际市场的比较优势相对明显。

四 | 自主品牌车企是我国汽车出口的生力军。前8月,上汽集团海外出口及海外基地销售量累计达到57.99万辆,同比增长56.67%;8月份,上汽集团海外销量高达10.1万辆,同比增长65.7%,占总销量近20%。前8月,奇瑞集团出口累计超25万辆,同比增长51.1%,占总销量的三分之一。业内人士分析,在上汽和奇瑞销售结构中,出口份额占比已达20%至40%,这是一个前所未有的成就,越来越多车企正从“中国的车企”迈向“世界级车企”。从出口目的地看,海外市场分布更为稳定和集中,形成亚洲、拉丁美洲和欧洲三足鼎立的格局。得益于中国汽车工业实力增强、产业链相对完整以及性价比优势,近年来,中国汽车在部分国家和地区的细分市场已经形成较强影响力。新能源汽车领跑在全球推进汽车电动化的背景下,中国新能源汽车在海外市场的表现同样可圈可点。中汽协数据显示,今年以来,我国新能源汽车出口持续增长。

五 | 前8月,新能源汽车出口34.1万辆,同比增长97.4%,对汽车出口贡献率达到了26.7%。值得关注的是,与传统燃油车不同,新能源汽车主要出口到发达国家市场。据统计,出口到发达国家的销量占比高达85.6%。比亚迪唐和汉、东风风光ix5、小鹏G3、爱驰U5、赛力斯3等国产自主品牌乘用车电动车型先后出口欧洲;宇通、金龙、比亚迪等新能源客车产品在欧美、中东也有很好表现。与此同时,中国新能源汽车走出国门也不再沿袭“低价换市场”的老路。许海东介绍,2021年,出海欧洲的自主品牌新能源汽车平均单价为3万美元(约合人民币20.2万元),表明自主品牌在海外市场已经具备一定话语权。

六 | 蔚来汽车董事长李斌告诉记者,蔚来汽车的挪威订单需求超出预期,在所有订单中,92%的用户选择了BaaS。蔚来的产品、服务和创新商业模式不仅适用中国市场,在全球市场上也具有其独特价值和优势。许海东认为,我国新能源汽车出口之所以能保持较高增速,与竞争力不断提升密不可分。近年来,我国明确了新能源汽车发展方向,不断完善相关规划和政策体系,为新能源汽车产业提供了良好的发展环境。新能源汽车行业依托国内拥有超大规模市场优势,在相对完整产业链支撑下,制造水平持续提升。同时,随着“双碳”发展理念的普及,国际市场对新能源汽车的需求也快速增长。麦肯锡在一份报告中指出,中国电动车领军企业具有明显优势,拥有极具未来感的内饰设计,以及丰富的车联网功能。欧洲车企如果想匹配同样的能力,报价则要高得多。“走出去”需长期规划中汽协预测,今年我国汽车出口有望超过240万辆,销量占比有望逼近10%,成为我国汽车产销量的重要组成部分。实际上,根据前8个月数据,240万辆的预测或许有些保守。中汽协常务副会长兼秘书长付炳锋表示,在汽车产业逐步回归正轨后,仍需关注制约产业发展的诸多不确定性因素。比如,国际环境更趋复杂严峻,世界经济复苏放缓,全球通胀压力居高不下,以及动力电池原材料价格出现上涨苗头、国内疫情多点散发等多重因素为产业链供应链带来不确定性,需要行业密切关注并及时采取有效应对措施。

七 | 除了外部环境,汽车出海还面临着新的挑战。中国机电产品进出口商会汽车分会孙晓红认为,在各方对行业高速发展寄予美好期望的同时,也应该清醒地看到,目前我国汽车产品贸易的主要方式还停留在一般贸易阶段,海外投资设厂规模远不及跨国汽车制造商,配套供应链自主性和品牌影响力仍在建设之中,不能仅靠出口数据来评价一国汽车产品的竞争力。由单纯的贸易模式,向品牌“走出去”模式转变,正成为部分中国车企出海的新目标。

八 | 9月16日,蔚来在匈牙利佩斯州投资建设的蔚来能源欧洲工厂完成首座换电站下线,这是蔚来在海外建设的第一座工厂,也是蔚来加电产品的欧洲制造中心、服务中心和研发中心。上汽集团已经在海外建立了伦敦、硅谷、特拉维夫3大研发创新中心,拥有98个生产研发基地。

九 | 许海东表示,目前来看,中国汽车出海仍以贸易为主,海外直接投资较少。未来,随着出口量不断增加,车企在海外市场的产品设计、供应链、管理和服务,以及二手车体系建设都要跟上。

十 | 全球化发展是车企做大做强的必由之路,也是我国成为汽车强国的重要体现,有实力的企业要勇于开拓。工业和信息化部近日表示,未来将结合产业发展形势和企业需求,加大政策法规、消费金融、信用保险等政策供给,助力中国品牌“走出去”。
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